Horagalles

Sources present regional variation rather than a single canonical origin. Some scholars interpret the southern Sámi name Horagalles as a loan from Old Norse Þórr Karl or related Scandinavian forms (e.g., Torsmannen), while eastern names Tiermes/Tiirmes may reflect an older local sky‑god concept or substrate; these etymological proposals are offered in the literature but remain contested. In eastern Sámi narratives the thunder figure appears in cosmogonic and eschatological roles (for example teaching early humans skills and, in some accounts, being capable of world‑destruction by shooting a celestial reindeer).

Represented in wooden idols often fitted with a nail or spike and a piece of flint in the head. He is depicted holding a hammer—named Wetschera, Aijeke Wetschera, or Ajeke veċċera ('grandfather's hammer')—and on some shaman drums appears with a sledgehammer in one hand and a cross‑hammer in the other or is symbolized by two crossed hammers. The rainbow is described in some accounts as his bow. Local cult paraphernalia include staged mounts for idols and, in at least one Inari account, a birch tree cult object (a tree set upside down) associated with the figure.

Produces thunder and lightning and controls weather, rain, oceans and lakes; lightning is sometimes described as fiery arrows and the rainbow as his bow. Drum iconography records a paired‑hammer motif whereby one hammer makes thunder and lightning and the other withdraws them to prevent harm. He punishes 'hurtful demons' or mountain/troll spirits—destroying them with lightning, shooting them with his bow, or dashing out their brains with his hammer. He protects Sámi people and their animals but sources also state the thunder god 'was also capable of hurting the Sámi and their sacred sites.' Noaidi (shamans) could connect with him by drumming and yoiking to request aid (for example to release reindeer from spells or to harm enemies).